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File System Organization Like Windows, the files on a Linux system are arranged in what is called a hierarchical directory structure. This means that they are organized in a tree-like pattern of directories (called folders in other systems), which may contain files and subdirectories. The first directory in the file system is called the root directory. The root directory contains files and subdirectories, which contain more files and subdirectories and so on and so on. The basic three commands include: pwd (print working directory) cd (change directory) ls (list files and directories). pwd The directory we are standing in is…